In Progress - Washington’s Headquarters, Valley Forge National Historical Park

Historic Sites
Washington’s Headquarters, Valley Forge National Historical Park - Implementation
King of Prussia, Pennsylvania

Archival research, investigation of existing field conditions, and analysis of integrity provided a solid foundation for preservation treatment interventions at this historic Revolutionary War Winter Encampment site. Heritage Landscapes developed treatment recommendations to remove modern intrusions and capture historic topography, clarify wayfinding, enhance sustainability, and improve visitor experience. Interventions emphasized the protection of the site’s historic trees and spring, on-site soil management, and storm water management. Unique and innovative soil and storm water management systems were implemented as best-management practices to conserve natural resources and decrease the carbon footprint of the project. As implementation moves forward, commemorative elements that draw on historic patterns and accommodate visitor groups will be added to the site, as well as interpretive elements including 19 interpretive stations on a digital tour.

Over time, modern intrusions altered the historic patterns of the village. A large, 200-car parking lot was constructed in 1974 for the influx of Bicentennial visitors to Valley Forge.

Through planning a treatment plan integrated best management and sustainable best practices for woodland, meadow, soils, construction materials, and stormwater. Redesigned visitor site access, visitor amenities, and universal access were also a focus.

An innovative shallow swale system for stormwater management was designed to meet erosion control and stormwater detention requirements. Swales are designed to provide infiltration and be vegetated with meadow grasses to blend in with the surrounding landscape.

Removal of the large Bicentennial parking lot and restoration of the historic topography recaptures the pastoral scene east of Valley Forge Village. Over 2 acres of impervious pavement was removed during the project.

Silt erosion control fencing with baffles stop erosion, slow storm water run-off, and protect historic trees on site.

A concrete walk mockup on site tests various finish surfaces for slip resistance. Concrete has a high carbon footprint, but also has a long lifespan. Surface blasting with baking soda, walnut shells and sand were tested to achieve ADA ramp friction levels.

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